The Construction of Immunoliposomes (Review)

Introduction . Due to the discovery of antibodies (Ab) targeting molecule with high specificity ligand, "magic bullet" concept has been successfully implemented various immunoconjugated drugs. Since 1980, Ab conjugates liposomes, i.e., immunoliposomes (ILs), have widely investigated improve and efficacy drug therapy. This review is devoted characteristic basic structural units ILs on basis data analysis original articles topic from PubMed, ResearchGate CyberLeninck databases. Text are liposomes which Ab, their fragments or other ligands usually attached by a special linker. used deliver antitumor, cardiovascular, antiviral, antiprotozoal drugs, genetic material, imaging molecules, etc. can be derived phospholipids both natural synthetic origin, charged neutral. The most in immunoliposomal construction phosphatidylcholines. To increase mechanical stability bilayer, sterols introduced into lipid composition. For selective liposome delivery, must nanocarrier via spacer arm PEG. Several types end-group functionalized lipopolymers for this purpose, general formula X-PEG-LI, where X represents fragment containing reactive functional group − maleimide, biotin, cyanur, amine, These PEG-conjugates exhibit excellent amphiphilic properties offer advantages modification, formulation, delivery should enhance accumulation liposomal target areas minimal cross-reactivity healthy tissues. Ready-made drugs based monoclonal such as trastuzumab, cetuximab, panitumumumab, bevacizumab; commercial intended research purposes, laboratory synthesized preparation ILs. two main methods: direct covalent conjugation postinsertion. Conclusion results study allowed us summarize variety literature composition possibility using auxiliary components achieve goal development drug.